In recent years, global metallurgical enterprises through mergers and acquisitions, industry concentration continues to increase. When comes to 2023, the benefits of the metallurgical industry have entered the downward period, mainly because of the rising cost of some raw materials and the serious decline in steel prices, resulting in a decline in corporate benefits. According to each situation, living has become the theme of this year, the reduction of each project, limited focus on process optimization and upgrading, green low-carbon development and intelligent manufacturing. Such as "ultra-low emission" transformation and energy "extreme energy efficiency", and accelerate low-carbon technological innovation and digital transformation in the industrial sector.
● Steel smelting
1. Carbon-based smelting changes to hydrogen-based smelting
Iron and steel smelting direction for hydrogen metallurgy, but the current source of green hydrogen is limited, with this problem, in the short term blast furnace smelting using coke oven gas instead of coke as a reducing agent, such as XIYE Iron and Steel hydrogen-based shaft furnace, as well as modular high temperature gas cooled reactor nuclear power is also brewing. Hydrogen production from coke oven gas in steel works.
2. Short process smelting
Because of the pressure of environmental protection, short-process smelting will increase the proportion. Smelting reduction iron-making technology such as electric furnace.
3. Tempered co-production
For a long time, one of the main uses of steel by-product gas is combustion heating. Although these use the heat energy of gas, their value has not been fully reflected. Gas contains different proportions of H2 and CO components, and the use of gas to produce LNG, ethanol, ethylene glycol, etc., has good economic benefits. Compared with the coal chemical industry to produce CO and H2 and then produce LNG, ethanol, ethylene glycol, it has a greater cost advantage.
With the demand for carbon reduction, projects such as CO2 extraction and solidification ushered in good news. In metallurgical enterprises, such as lime kiln flue gas and boiler flue gas with large CO2 content. CO2 can be used in steel smelting, dust suppression, cold chain transportation, food industry, etc., the market demand is large, and the metallurgical industry has its cost advantage. Photovoltaic projects can bring certain carbon indicators to enterprises, and many steel mills are also building photovoltaic projects, but whether the difference in electricity prices can bring benefits to enterprises is also an important indicator of whether the project can land.
4. Metallurgy intelligence
The metallurgical market will further accelerate the pace of automation and information technology in the steel industry, and accelerate the process of digitalization and intelligence. Centralized control center, unmanned material warehouse, robot temperature measurement, inspection, sampling will be more and more.
With the release and implementation of various national dual-carbon policies, the downstream enterprises in the steel industry have an increasing demand for the whole life cycle evaluation data of purchased products, and the life cycle evaluation of steel products and the carbon footprint evaluation based on it have become an important work for the green and low-carbon development of the steel industry and to meet the needs of downstream customers. Carrying out product life cycle evaluation is an important measure to adapt to the national green, low-carbon and high-quality development, promote energy saving and carbon reduction of iron and steel enterprises and improve brand influence.
● Steel energy saving and environmental protection technology
1. Extreme recycling and utilization of secondary energy
The energy utilization efficiency of the metallurgical industry has increased year by year, on the one hand, the new equipment has been upgraded, and the energy consumption has been reduced. On the other hand, the ultimate recovery of secondary energy, the unit heat of high and medium taste recovery continues to increase, and low-grade heat is also being recovered one after another, and the heat can be used in steps. The high calorific value energy is used for power generation or chemical production, and the low calorific value energy is used for heating the surrounding urban residents, aquaculture and so on. The combination of steel production and people's livelihood not only improves the economic efficiency of enterprises, but also replaces small boilers and reduces consumption and carbon.
1. 1 Electric furnace system
The full vaporization cooling system, instead of the original part of the water cooling flue, greatly improves the steam recovery of tons of steel. According to the project practice, the higher ton of steel steam recovery can reach 300kg/t of steel, which is more than 3 times the original recovery.
1.2 Converter
The primary flue gas purification process of converter generally adopts the dry method. Under the existing dry process, the residual heat from the temperature difference of 1000℃-300℃ is not recovered. At present, only several sets of pilot equipment are in short-term operation.
1.3 Blast furnace
The full recovery of blast-furnace gas can be realized by the recovery of pressure equalization gas and blowout gas. At present, most blast furnaces do not consider recovery, or only semi-recovery.
1.4 Sintering
Recycle waste heat from high temperature section of ring cooler for power generation; Hot water can be produced for process or heating after recovery of waste heat in middle temperature section and low temperature section of ring cooler; Sintering flue gas circulation tends to internal circulation, it is necessary to increase the high pressure circulation fan, fresh air fan and supporting electrical equipment.
Large flue waste heat, ring cooling waste heat in addition to power generation, but also used for the use of steam and electric double drag technology to drive the main extraction fan, improve steam utilization efficiency, reduce the conversion link, improve economic benefits.
1.5 Coking
In addition to the traditional dry quenching coke, coke circulation ammonia, primary cooler, waste heat, the rise pipe waste heat, flue gas waste heat has been used.
1.6 Steel Rolling
Utilization of waste heat from flue gas of steel rolling heating furnace and heat treatment furnace. The heat is a low-quality heat source, and the end desulfurization temperature requirements are generally used for the production of hot water.
2. The concept of environmental protection and ultra-low emission is deeply rooted in people's hearts
2. 1 The environmental performance of each steel mill is A
In order to reduce the pressure on environmental protection and ensure normal production, many northern steel mills have finished punching A, even if the northern steel enterprises that have not completed punching A, there are a large number of southern steel enterprises, are also working in this direction. The main tasks are dust removal facilities, desulfurization and denitrification facilities, materials into the warehouse, reduce landing, dust production points closed, dust suppression and so on.
2.2 Carbon, electrolytic aluminum industry
Carbon, electrolytic aluminum industry environmental protection debts more, aluminum, mountain aluminum and other enterprises are in the environmental performance of A work.
2.3 Treatment of the three wastes
Environmental protection requirements solid waste does not leave the factory, wastewater to meet the standards of discharge. On the one hand, iron and steel enterprises have dried and squeezed the ingredients, and the final waste discharge and disposal are compliant. The market needs new processes and technologies for the treatment of waste gas, solid waste containing carbon, iron, hazardous waste, soil pollution and phenol cyanide wastewater, concentrated salt water and cold rolling wastewater.
2.4 Gas purification
With the improvement of environmental protection requirements, the recycled gas can be collected at the same time, and new requirements are also put forward for the quality of gas. The traditional purification process of coke oven gas and blast furnace gas considers the removal of dust and inorganic sulfur, and now requires the removal of organic sulfur. The market needs new processes and new equipment for this demand.
2.5 Oxygen-rich combustion technology, pure oxygen combustion
In order to improve the utilization rate of oxygen and reduce the consumption of gas, oxygen rich or pure oxygen combustion is used in the heating furnace, oven and boiler.
Post time: Jun-13-2023